The Use of Guitar in Music Therapy
- Author: Oden, Jonathon
- ISBN: 9781937440411
A comprehensive examination of the guitar’s prominent place within the field of music therapy. Music therapy students with little or no guitar-playing experience, as well as practicing professional therapists, may find it to be a practical and valuable resource. Part one of the book introduces the reader to historical and important functional information about the instrument, and describes how to play the guitar with proficiency and versatility. Parts two and three address clinical uses of guitar-playing by therapists and clients. In addition to reviewing guitar references within the music therapy literature, creative and innovative techniques are provided which will allow clinicians to take advantage of the instrument’s wide range of adaptability. Examples are given that demonstrate ways in which therapists can use guitar to accompany songs and improvisations, as well as to make guitar-playing accessible to clients of varying physical and cognitive abilities. Clinical uses of traditional guitar playing, alternate tunings, and adaptive devices and accessories are discussed.
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Table of Contents
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Contents
Pitch Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
Preface
Introduction
Prevalence of the Use of Guitar in Music Therapy
Advantages of the Guitar
Guitar in Certain Settings
Use of Recordings
Summary
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION TO GUITAR
Chapter 1: History of the Instrument 5
Early Stringed Instruments 5
The Guitar 6
Summary 8
Chapter 2: Music for the Guitar 9
Classical-Style Guitar 9
Jazz Guitar 10
Other Guitar Styles 11
Summary 12
Chapter 3: Using the Guitar 13
Parts of the Guitar 13
Neck 14
Body 15
Strings 17
Purchasing a Guitar 18
How to Position the Guitar 19
Standard Tuning Methods 21
How to Replace Strings 25
Removing Old Strings 25
Attaching New Strings 26
Maintenance 28
Summary 29
Chapter 4: Playing Guitar Notation 31
How to Sound the Guitar 31
Plucking Hand 31
Fretting Hand and Arm 35
Reading Guitar Notation 36
Standard Guitar Notation 36
Tablature 41
Performance Markings 43
Chord Charts 51
Fretting Chords 53
Open Chords 54
Bar Chords 56
Lead Sheets 60
Becoming Familiar With Playing Chords in Different Keys 62
Summary 66
Chapter 5: Playing Guitar in Styles 67
General Techniques 67
Introduction to Playing in Different Styles 73
Country 73
Rock 75
Hard Rock/Heavy Metal 77
Blues 78
Jazz 85
Reggae 87
Funk 89
Flamenco 89
Summary 91
PART TWO: THERAPIST USE OF GUITAR
Chapter 6: Song Accompaniment by Therapist 95
Addressing Communication Skills 95
Anecdotes 95
Summary 102
Chapter 7: Playing Scales and Accompanying Improvisations 103
Playing Pentatonic Scales 103
Anecdote of Use of Scales 110
Bass Accompaniments 113
Accompanying Improvisations on Other Instruments 118
Accompanying Piano 118
Accompanying Harmonica 119
Anecdotes of Accompanying Other Instruments 119
Summary 121
Chapter 8: Adaptations for Clinical Use 123
Voicing Open Tunings 123
Playing Blues Riff in Open Tunings 125
Capos 125
Summary 126
PART THREE: CLIENT PLAYING GUITAR
Chapter 9: General Considerations 129
Client Guitar Playing in Music Therapy 129
Type of Guitar to Use 129
Summary 131
Chapter 10: Client Playing in Traditional Ways 133
Guitar Instruction 133
Structuring Guitar Instruction 133
Learning Chords 137
Learning TAB 138
Learning Traditional Notation 139
Anecdote of Guitar Instruction 139
Summary 140
Chapter 11: Assisted Playing 141
Positioning the Guitar 141
Forming Chords 142
Strumming 143
Level of Assistance 143
Anecdotes 144
Summary 148
Chapter 12: Alternate Tunings 149
Open Tunings 149
Barring with Open Tunings 149
Anecdotes of Use of Open Tunings 152
Monochord Tuning 155
Anecdote of Use of Monochord Tuning 156
Other Alternate Tunings 156
3-for-1 Tuning 157
Adhesive Labeling for the 3-for-1 Tuning Method 158
Anecdotes of Use of 3-for-1 Tuning 159
Summary 161
Chapter 13: Devices and Accessories 163
Picks 163
Traditional Picks 163
Adapted Picks 164
Slides 166
Nontraditional Slide Playing 167
Adhesive Labels 168
Use of Partial Capos for Open Pentatonic Tunings 169
Fretting Devices 174
Electronic Effects 174
Anecdotes 176
Summary 182
Chapter 14: Group Guitar Playing 183
Small Groups 183
Larger Groups 183
Summary 185
Works Cited and Consulted 187
Appendices
A: Glossary of Guitar Terms
B: Strumming Patterns
C: Open Tuning Charts
D: Muscle Groups and Movements Involved in Guitar Playing